(In the anthem, the triple rhyme is made by the words “Air,” “Glare,” and “There.”) How do I write out the title, exactly? It has eight lines and nine rhymes (there’s a triple rhyme in lines 5 & 6), so it’s not feasible that Key would have written a lyric that fit this unusual form by accident. Also, the poetic form of Anacreontic broadsides is unique. “The Star-Spangled Banner” is the second patriotic song Key wrote and he only wrote two. This earlier song is titled “When the Warrior Returns” and was Key’s first patriotic song. We know Key knew the tune prior to writing “The Star-Spangled Banner,” because he had written a previous song to the same melody in 1805. Thus Key’s words are most appropriately called a lyric, rather than a poem because they were intended from the start to be sung. It is also certain that Francis Scott Key knew the tune well and that he created the words to fit the tune. This attribution was not proven beyond doubt until 1976 in an article by William Lichtenwanger. The music was written by an English church and award-winning popular song composer named John Stafford Smith. The tune of “The Star-Spangled Banner” is borrowed from “The Anacreontic Song,” which is an amateur musicians club anthem from London, England. Who wrote the music? Is the “Banner” a poem or a song? This is the title given to the first sheet music of the song, published in October or early November. The original published title of Key’s poem is spelled with a “c” in Defence the tune quickly became known as “The Star-Spangled Banner,” because this phrase is repeated in the final line of each verse. Thus he did not return to land and finish the lyric until September 16. He was on his own ship anchored on a tributary and no longer a prisoner at this time, but his ship could not head for Baltimore until the British fleet departed. Francis Scott Key wrote the lyric “The Defence of Fort McHenry” inspired by the dawning of the American victory at the Battle of Baltimore on September 14, 1814.
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